Theiler r, spielberger j, bischoff ha, bellamy n, huber j, kroesen s. We translated the original womac questionnaire into. Today, do you or would you have any difficulty at all with. Factor analysis of the modified form of the womac extracted four factors, which differed from the a priori stratification. Scale scores are calculated which range from 0 best score to 10 worst score. Assessment of the testretest reliability and construct. Womac is listed in the worlds largest and most authoritative dictionary database of abbreviations and acronyms the free dictionary. Methods scales the western ontario and mcmaster university osteoarthritis index womac is a diseasespecific, selfadministered, health measure developed to study patients with osteoarthritis in the hip or knee. The prevalence of total hip and knee arthroplasty has increased substantially in the past decade, and with approximately 400,000 total knee replacements and 200,000 total hip replacements being performed in the united states each year, it is essential to have reliable and valid outcome measures to assess the effectiveness of this intervention 1. An extensive reliability study was carried out to assess womacs internal consistency and repeatability. Intercorrelation matrix among different scales of the persian womac index yielded a highly.
The lower extremity functional scale lefs is a questionnaire containing 20 questions about a persons ability to perform everyday tasks. Measuring the effectiveness of your treatment is crucial. Modified borg dyspnea scale instructions for borg dyspnea scale. The questionnaire also includes sections which ask respondents to rate their satisfaction and the impact of arthritis on each of these 12 areas. Modified harris hip score please mark one choice for each topic. The following questions concern the amount of pain you are currently experiencing in your knees. Lower extremity functional index tbi, stroke, sci rehab. The womac captures more than just knee or hip pain and dysfunction, and is clearly influenced by the presence of fatigue, symptom counts, depression and low back. Complete at the end of the history and prior to physical examination. Tampa scale for kinesiophobia miller, kori and todd 1991 1 strongly disagree 2 disagree 3 agree 4 strongly agree 1. The following is the table of contents from the womac 3. Mcmaster osteoarthritis index womac please circle the. In conclusion, the modified thai index was obtained, the questionnaire was translated into womac index had acceptable psychometric properties thai.
Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koosdevelopment of a selfadministered outcome measure. It is a selfadministered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3 subscales. Summary of clinical outcome measures for sportsrelated knee. Research open access modelling the relationship between the. Modified fatigue impact scale mfis fatigue is a feeling of physical tiredness and lack of energy that many people experience from time to time. It starts at number 0 where your breathing is causing you no difficulty at all and progresses through to number 10 where your breathing difficulty is maximal. The stiffness scale fitted the rasch model but adjustments for dif could not be made due to the. With regard to womac, in brazil, it can be seen that there is a need for this tool to be used more widely in studies evaluating healthrelated quality of life among patients who undergo total hip arthroplasty, given that in comparison with sf36, womac has higher sensitivity to small changes in health status, when applied to populations that. Reliability of the modified tardieu scale and the modified ashworth scale in adult patients with severe brain injury.
Validity construct validity examines how well a score measure what is expected to measure. The measure was developed to evaluate clinically important, patient. It is simple to use in daily practice and is therefore less of a burden for patients in clinical trials. Osteoarthritis of the knee, western ontario and mcmaster universities womac osteoarthritis index, health status, trial methodology.
Pdf translation and validation of moroccan western. We have experimented with setting the time frame at 24 h, 48 h womac 3. How much difficulty is your breathing causing you right now. The reduced womac function scale provides an alternative which will limit. The womac has been found to be both consistent and reproducible, and face and criterion validity were ensured during its development. Health, general arthritic persons health aspects medical examination arthritics care and treatment patient outcomes outcome and process assessment health care methods outcome and process assessment. In 21 of 60 trials, deciding whether a likert scale or vas was used had to be deduced from other information given in the paperusually the score range or the actual baseline or followup data. The cronbachs alphas of the womac and lequesne subscales were ranged 0. Please rate the activities in each category according to the following scale of difficulty. The patientspecific functional scale this useful questionnaire can be used to quantify activity limitation and measure functional outcome for patients with any orthopaedic condition. Responsiveness of the womac has been reported to be good, both for the likert and the vas versions 4752. Clinimetrics, report by australian journal of physiotherapy.
Validation of a modified thai version of the western ontario. Pdf validation of a modified thai version of the western. Construct validity was tested by correlating the womac or lequesne with each other, and also with sf36 and visual analog scale vas. Summary of clinical outcome measures for sportsrelated. Measurement properties of the western ontario and mcmaster. Womac scale scores indicate that patients are of moderate severity on average at baseline, as expected from a hospital recruited cohort.
For each situation, please enter the amount of pain you have experienced in the past 48 hours. The use and reporting of womac for the assessment of. The original version contained 41 items in 5 domains. An extension of the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index. Womac also has the additional advantage of being validated for use in multiple formats. Looking for online definition of womac or what womac stands for. Validity, reliability, and comparison of the womac.
Translation, adaptation and validation of the western ontario. Apr 30, 2010 the womac pain and physical functioning subscales satisfied unidimensionality and ordinal scaling tests, and the ability to transform to an interval scale. Apr 30, 2010 the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac has been a widely used patient reported outcome in oa. Validation studies reliability, validity, responsiveness. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis. Does parallel item content on womacs pain and function. Although testretest reliability of the questionnaire was fair to good 0. A testretest reliability was evaluated in 89 patients who answered the modified thai womac index twice at 3week intervals.
Translation and validation of moroccan western ontario and mcmaster universities womac osteoarthritis index in knee osteoarthritis. Mar 12, 2014 womac scale scores indicate that patients are of moderate severity on average at baseline, as expected from a hospital recruited cohort. Validation of a modified thai version of the western. But people who have medical conditions like ms experience stronger feelings of fatigue more often and with greater impact than others. It is a selfadministered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3. This selfassessment multidimensional instrument has been well studied, and many of its psychometric properties are known 19. The tardieu scale differentiates contracture from spasticity whereas the ashworth scale is confounded by it.
Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteooarthritis index. Additionally, a reduced sevenpoint womac scale has also been validated. Following is a list of statements that describe the effects of. The lefs can be used by clinicians as a measure of patients initial function, ongoing progress and outcome, as well as to set functional goals. The authors are currently part of a multicentric study in india that is using the womac as an index of efficacy in a study on osteoarthritis. Request further information please complete the following form to request further information. They suggested the use of sfax womac, where the physical function subscale was modified for use in tunisia. Tardieu scalemodified tardieu scale rehabmeasures database. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac. Dont forget that you will want to measure the before and after any treatment you give to reduce pain. Health, general arthritic persons health aspects medical examination arthritics care and treatment patient outcomes outcome and process assessment health care methods outcome and process assessment medical care patient. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac is a widely used measure of symptoms and physical disability originally developed for people with osteoarthritis oa of the hip andor knee 1, 2. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteooarthritis.
Validation studies reliability, validity, responsiveness orthopaedic validation study pharmacologic validation study. A convergent validity was evaluated in 114 patients with knee oa by comparing the scores of a modified thai womac index to those of the algofunctional lequesne index. Translation, adaptation and validation of the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac for an arab population. There are multiple versions of the aims2, such as the aims2sf. Reliability and validity of the western ontario and mcmaster. It is consisted of 33 items which evaluates the health and function of the patient from various aspects including. Jan 23, 2012 the most stable pretreatment predictors on the improvement of health after treatment by nsaids were the absence of previous knee injury and a high level of education. Translation, adaptation and validation of the western.
Modelling the relationship between the womac osteoarthritis. We translated the original womac questionnaire into persian by the forward and. Womac pain scale points can be applied to assist clinical decisionmaking. Validity and reliability of swedish womac osteoarthritis index. The shortform womac function scale is a valid, reliable and responsive alternative to the traditional womac in the evaluation of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee managed conservatively.
Orthopaedic scores website to help clinicians and patients to gauge progress of the healing of certain treatments. Clinically important improvement in the womac and predictor. Clinician researchers american college of rheumatology. Relative efficiency and validity properties of a visual analogue vs a. Womac produces one aggregate total score and scores for each of the subscales, with a higher score for each subscale indicating a worse condition. These details will be sent to dr bellamy who will respond to your request in due course. Pdf validation of the shortform womac function scale for the. Introduction osteoarthritis oa is a major cause of musculoskeletal pain, the single relevant cause of disability and handicap from arthritis, and an important community healthcare. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index. The proportion of trials, for which assumptions had to be made in order to reach a conclusion regarding the type of scale and the score range used, was calculated. Roos em, roos hp, lohmander ls, ekdahl c, beynnon bd. Our examination of the factorial structure of the womac pain scale failed to. Intercorrelation matrix among different scales of the persian womac index yielded a highly significant correlation between all subscales including stiffness, pain, and physical function.
Lower extremity functional index we are interested in knowing whether you are having any difficulty at all with the activities listed below because of your lower limb problem for which you are currently seeking attention. Validity refers to comparison of the current test with formerly standardized test. The primary outcome was the pain subscale of modified thai version of womac osteoarthritis index for knee oa measured on a 0to 50point scale, with higher. One hundred and twentythree patients with knee osteoarthritis mean age 69.
The womac has also been used to assess back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile. It can be administered in person, via computer, by telephone interview, and can even be delivered to mobile devices m womac 2. The womac pain and physical function scales satisfy all of these conditions in this sample of those awaiting hip or knee replacement. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac this questionnaire is used to assess the health status of osteoarthritis patients introduced in 1988. The womac pain and physical functioning subscales satisfied. Symptoms continued never occasionally often very often 33. Validation of a modified thai version of the western ontario and mcmaster womac osteoarthritis index for knee osteoarthritis article pdf available in clinical rheumatology 2610. The western ontario and mcmaster universities arthritis index womac is widely used in the evaluation of hip and knee osteoarthritis. Validation of a modified thai version of the western ontario and mcmaster womac osteoarthritis index for knee osteoarthritis. The reduced womac function scale provides an alternative which will limit the number of missing values, and hence the number of invalid womac scores. The womac performed well in ra and fm, and correlated strongly with the health assessment questionnaire haq disability scale and a visual analogue scale vas pain scale. Pain was measured using a variety of scales, with womac pain scores. These responder criteria can be collectively termed the womac 20, womac 50, and womac 70 criteria.
Summary of clinical outcome measures for sportsrelated knee injuries. A oneway analysis of variance was carried out in three womac dimensions. The expected range of scores for womac pain subscale and the womac index form of womac used womac pain score range womac index range vas 010 0 to 50 0 to 240 vas 0100 0 to 500 0 to 2400 nrs 010 0 to 50 0 to 240 likert scale 04. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac has been a widely used patient reported outcome in oa.
The womac scale was designed to measure dysfunction and pain associated with oa of the lower extremities by assessing 17 functional activities, five painrelated activities, and two stiffness categories 21. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac. It is proposed that where 1 or 2 items are missing, the average value for the sub scale is substituted in lieu of these missing values. It was tested with a group of patients with an average age of 71 years who were undergoing total hip arthroplasty.
Measuring pain if your resident is unable to use a likert scale, it is best to use a behavioural scale such as the doloplus or abbey scales shown in later slides. However, there is relatively little evidence to support the use of the visual analogue scale vas version of the scale. Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score womac. Pdf validation of the shortform womac function scale. Although the western ontario and mcmaster university osteoarthritis index womac is considered the leading outcome measure for patients with osteoarthritis of the lower extremity, recent work has challenged its factorial validity and the physical function subscales ability to detect valid change when pain and function display different profiles of change.
Modified japanese orthopaedic association scale mjoa modified japanese orthopaedic association scale mjoa this 18point investigatoradministered scale separately addresses motor dysfunction of the upper extremity mdue and motor dysfunction of the lower extremity mdle, sensory loss of the upper extremity, and sphincter dysfunction sd. In sections a, b, and c, questions will be asked about your hip or knee pain. However, these studies make no attempt to adjust for the ordinal nature of the likert scale or vas, and. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac is a widely used, proprietary set of standardized questionnaires used by health professionals to evaluate the condition of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and hip, including pain, stiffness, and physical functioning of the joints. The womac scales were reliable, but its pain scale was highly. The western ontario and mcmaster universities arthritis index womac is widely. Use this scale to rate the difficulty of your breathing. Hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcome score hoos, english version lk 2.
Im afraid that i might injury myself if i exercise 1 2 3 4. Determinants of womac function, pain and stiffness scores. Reporting of the exact method used in administering the womac pain subscale scoring was poor in many cases. May 29, 2014 this observational study aimed to examine the clinimetric properties of the greek for greece translation of the western ontario and mcmaster osteoarthritis index womac. Clinimetric properties of womac index in greek knee.
Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koosdevelopment of a. Womac the womac index is a diseasespecific, tridimensional selfadministered questionnaire, for assessing health status and health outcomes in osteoarthritis of the knee andor hip. The items on the womac were generated from interviews with 100 patients with osteoarthritis. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index. We aimed to explore the internal validity and responsiveness of this vas version of the womac. If you are unsure about how to answer a question, please give the best answer you can. Some differential item functioning was observed, but this cancelled out at the test level and, by doing so, at the same time removed the disturbance of unidimensionality.